Advancing Water Infrastructure in Kazakhstan for a Sustainable Future
Kazakhstan Advances Water Management Reforms to Ensure Sustainable Resource Use
In an effort to address water scarcity and promote long-term resilience, Kazakhstan has implemented significant reforms in its water resources management system. The country has introduced key infrastructure projects, modernized irrigation systems, and integrated advanced digital technologies to effectively manage its water resources amidst growing climate challenges.
According to Premierminister.kz, the government has focused on upgrading water supply and sanitation infrastructure, constructing new reservoirs, and automating irrigation systems. These initiatives are crucial as Kazakhstan heavily relies on transboundary water sources while facing increasing demand due to population and economic growth.
One of the main areas of focus has been the modernization of infrastructure and irrigation systems. In 2024, Kazakhstan supplied 10.9 cubic kilometers of irrigation water to the southern regions, meeting 97% of the irrigation demand. The Shardara reservoir received a significant increase in water intake, demonstrating the success of ongoing modernization efforts. Additionally, the country has launched a comprehensive program to build new reservoirs, reconstruct existing ones, and rehabilitate irrigation channels to reduce water transportation losses and provide additional resources for agriculture and other sectors.
A new Water Code has been introduced, emphasizing water security and ecological preservation. The code is based on five key principles, including the integrated use of surface and groundwater, rational use and conservation of water, and public involvement in water management issues. It also formalizes concepts such as ecological runoff to protect ecosystems by maintaining minimum water levels in rivers, lakes, and seas.
Kazakhstan is also focusing on the digitalization of its water resources management system. Plans are underway to launch the National Water Resources Information System by 2025, offering real-time monitoring of reservoirs and advanced flood and drought forecasts. The country is also digitizing irrigation networks and implementing automated water metering systems to improve efficiency and reduce consumption.
In terms of water diplomacy and regional cooperation, Kazakhstan has secured agreements with neighboring countries on transboundary river usage and has taken steps to promote equitable distribution of transboundary water resources. The country’s chairmanship of the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea underscores its commitment to regional water security and ecological preservation.
To further enhance water management, Kazakhstan has expanded its irrigated agricultural land and adopted water-saving technologies such as drip irrigation and sprinkler systems. This has not only helped reduce water consumption but has also increased crop yields.
The government has also allocated resources to improve water access for settlements, invest in flood management and emergency preparedness, and implement institutional reforms and scientific advancements in the water sector. These efforts aim to ensure sustainable and efficient water use in Kazakhstan for years to come.
