The Genetic Evolution of the Avars to Hungarians: A Comprehensive Study
Groundbreaking Study Reveals Genetic Processes and Population Patterns of the Carpathian Basin During Migration Period
A new study led by the Institute of Archaeogenomics at the HUN-REN Humanities Research Centre has brought to light intriguing details about the genetic processes and population dynamics of the Carpathian Basin during the Migration Period. This research, which represents the most comprehensive exploration of the region’s population patterns to date, has been published in Science Advances.
The interdisciplinary research conducted by the Institute of Archaeogenomics involved collaboration with several national institutions and the utilization of cutting-edge technologies. According to HUN-REN.hu, the project aimed to uncover the genetic impact of population movements between the 6th and 11th centuries, with a specific focus on the relationship between the Avars and the core population of the Carpathian Basin, as well as the Avars and the squatters. By analyzing 296 human remains and using advanced techniques such as Identity-by-Descent (IBD) analysis, the researchers were able to unveil subtle relationships between ancient populations.
The study, which began in 2018 as part of the Árpád House program, focused on genetic analysis of Transdanubian populations from the 8th to 11th centuries, comparing them with genomes from other periods and regions. The analysis of burials spanning from the 7th to 11th centuries revealed not only population movements but also intermarriage between different groups.
One of the key findings of the research is the limited genetic survival of the Hun groups of the Carpathian Basin during the conquest period, suggesting a lack of continuity between the Avars and the Hungarians from a genetic standpoint. However, the genetic fusion between invaders and the local population contributed significantly to the survival and eventual dominance of the Hungarians in the region.
The study also shed light on the shifting social structure and marriage patterns of the Avars in the 7th century, as well as the substantial presence of squatters in the Great Plain by the late 9th and early 10th centuries. The integration of these groups with local communities in the Transdanubian region marked a period of genetic fusion among previously isolated groups.
A notable discovery from the research is the presence of Hungarian genetic groups in the Transdanubian region before the conquest, as evidenced by the remains of an early Hungarian settler from the Ural region found in modern-day Zalavár.
Overall, this groundbreaking study has provided valuable insights into the population history of the Carpathian Basin and established a solid foundation for future research in the field. By illuminating the genetic composition of the era and revealing population relationships, social structures, and migration patterns, this research has deepened our understanding of the region’s rich history.
