Turkmens in Lebanon: Preserving Their Language through Generations
Lebanese Turkmens, who have a rich cultural heritage and language, are facing challenges as a result of the Israeli army’s attacks on Lebanon. Among the affected areas is Duris village in the Bekaa Valley, where Turkmens coexist with Christians and Shiites.
The number of Turkmens living in and around the Bekaa Valley and Tripoli is estimated to be in the tens of thousands. The Turkish presence in Lebanon dates back to ancient times, and today, most Turkmens live in villages around Akkar and Tripoli in the north of the country, as well as in towns in the Beka Valley.
Despite being a minority compared to the larger Arab population in their regions, many Lebanese Turkmens still speak Turkish. Some villages like Kavaşra and others near Baalbek in the Bekaa Valley have retained their Turkish dialects, while in some Turkmen villages, Arabic has become the primary language.
Turkmens living in villages like Kuveysra continue to use Turkish names for their regions and have preserved their oral traditions, including folk songs and poems. However, due to increased education and integration with Lebanese Arabs, these traditions are at risk of being forgotten.
The Karakoyunlu Turkmens in the Bekaa Valley, who once lived nomadically, have settled in the region and continue to speak Turkish. They refer to their language as “Obaççi” and cherish their cultural identity through unique linguistic features.
The preservation of Turkish folk songs and traditions is a priority for some Turkmens, who fear that they may be the last representatives of this heritage. Despite challenges, Turkmens like Ammar Kenco, Asriye Gorli, and Rafa Ramadan strive to pass down their cultural legacy to future generations.
Research conducted by Turkologist Prof. Dr. Özgür Kasım Aydemir highlights the diversity of Turkish dialects among Lebanese Turkmens. The presence of Kipchak Turkish features in the Bekaa Valley distinguishes it from other Turkmen communities in Lebanon, showcasing the historical significance of Turkish language and culture in the region.
As Lebanese Turkmens navigate modern challenges and continue to preserve their unique identity, the rich tapestry of their heritage remains a testament to centuries of tradition and resilience. With ongoing efforts to document and safeguard their cultural legacy, Lebanese Turkmens strive to ensure that their language and traditions endure for future generations.
