Turkistan: Kazakhstan’s Historical Gem on the Silk Road
Turkistan: Kazakhstan’s Cultural and Historical Gem
Turkistan, a city steeped in history and spirituality, stands as a cultural and historical jewel of Kazakhstan. Located on the Great Silk Road, Turkistan holds deep significance for the Turkic people and is revered by pilgrims from all over the world. It is often said that three visits to Turkistan equate to a small hajj to Mecca.
Founded in 418 AD, Turkistan has a rich and colorful past. The city, known as Shavgar in the 10th century, later evolved into Yasi, the settlement that would eventually become modern-day Turkistan. In the 12th century, Turkistan gained prominence as the home of the renowned philosopher and poet, Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. His burial site became a place of great reverence, and a grand mausoleum and mosque were erected over his grave during Timur’s rule in 1398.
In recent years, Turkistan has experienced a remarkable renaissance, emerging as a thriving regional tourism hub. With the support of the government and private investment, the city has developed a modern tourism infrastructure that attracts visitors from around the globe. The opening of an international airport in 2020 further solidified Turkistan’s position as a gateway to Kazakhstan’s rich cultural heritage.
The region surrounding Turkistan boasts abundant natural resources, including mineral deposits of barite, coal, iron, and polymetallic ores. The area is also known for its significant industrial potential, driving growth in key sectors such as agriculture, renewable energy, mining, and tourism. In 2024, the Organization of Turkic States named Turkistan the tourist capital of the Turkic world, further enhancing its global appeal.
Turkistan’s must-see landmarks include the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, the Mausoleum of Rabia Sultan Begim, and the Mausoleum of Arystan Bab. Visitors can also explore a variety of museums celebrating the city’s rich history, as well as the Caravanserai Complex, a modern attraction near the Yasawi Mausoleum that recreates Silk Road-era artisan streets and trading quarters.
For travelers seeking to visit Turkistan, the city is located 1,623 kilometers from the Kazakh capital. Flights, buses, and trains offer convenient options for transportation, with the recently launched Silk Road Railway Tour providing a unique opportunity to explore the historic city of Turkistan and other key attractions in the region.
Turkistan’s rich heritage, cultural treasures, and remarkable growth make it a destination not to be missed for those looking to experience the heart and soul of Kazakhstan.
